Start with the product definition
| Market family | Example selection | Required definition |
|---|---|---|
| Card total | Over 4.5 cards | Which cards and recipients count? |
| Booking points | Over 45 points | What point schedule applies? |
| Team cards | Home team over 1.5 cards | How are team and bench cards assigned? |
| Player card | Named player to be carded | What participation and recipient rules apply? |
| First card | Team or player to receive first card | Which timestamp and tie rule apply? |
| Red card | A red card to be shown | Does a second yellow count as one or more events? |
The IFAB Law 12 defines cautionable and sending-off offences on the field. A betting contract then specifies which of those disciplinary records count for its market.
Football law and market points are different
Booking points are a product scoring system, not an IFAB match statistic. Consider an explicitly invented example rule that assigns 10 points to a yellow card and 25 points to a direct red card. Three yellows and one direct red would produce:
Booking points = (3 * 10) + (1 * 25) = 55
This arithmetic does not describe a current operator. The live market must state its own point values and treatment of a second yellow, substitute, coach, card after the whistle, rescinded card, and duplicate sanction.
Operator settlement can differ
Betfair's current football rules include detailed card-market counting and settlement conditions. DraftKings' soccer rules provide another current operator example. Do not combine one operator's points schedule with another operator's price.
Player-card participation
A player-card selection needs four explicit states:
- the player starts and receives a qualifying card;
- the player appears as a substitute and receives a qualifying card;
- the player appears but receives no qualifying card;
- the player does not participate.
The fourth state may be void, loss, or governed by an all-in rule depending on the product. Preserve the market wording rather than assuming every non-participant is refunded.
Reconcile data before settling analysis
Data feeds can classify events and corrections differently. Opta's football definitions show why provider definitions belong in a data contract, but the settlement source named by the operator remains controlling.
For a research record, store the player ID, team ID, event timestamp, sanction type, first or second yellow status, direct-red flag, recipient role, data version, and correction time. A raw card count without those fields can be impossible to reconcile.
Worked total-card settlement
For an illustrative Over 4.5 cards selection:
| Qualifying card count | Settlement |
|---|---|
| 0 to 4 | Loss |
| 5 or more | Win |
At a GBP 15 stake and decimal odds 1.88:
Gross return = 15 * 1.88 = 28.20
Net profit = 28.20 - 15 = 13.20
The calculation is valid only after the qualifying card count has been settled under the accepted rules.
Verification checklist
- Identify cards, points, team, player, first-event, or red-card product.
- Save the points schedule and second-yellow treatment.
- Confirm recipients, period, and post-match exclusions.
- Confirm participant and non-runner rules.
- Use the named settlement data source and correction policy.
- Recalculate the final count from event-level records.
Next step
Use Referee Statistics Betting for the next part of this topic.
Continue learning
- Next guide: Football Combo Markets
- Related guide: Football Corner Betting
Assumptions and limitations
The booking-points schedule and prices are illustrative. Card markets change across operators, competitions, jurisdictions, and dates. This guide does not provide card predictions or claim that historical disciplinary rates remain stable.

